Вспоминаем Apache2 и распечатываем конфигурационные файлы в сборке Kali (Debian)

Конфигурационные файлы apache разные для windows, redhat, debian. И я смирился с тем, что вряд ли когда-нибудь пойму, зачем все эти "дополнительные файлы". Однако, когда читаешь куцые мануалы по установке LAMP на том или ином хостинге, надо бы представлять, куда лучше записывать те или иные директивы.
Здесь я обнаружил поддиректории с их изрядным количеством конфигурационных файлов для отдельных модулей. Разбираться с подробостями пока незачем. Потому здесь распечатал только /etc/apache2/apache2.conf и все файлы из поддиректорий /etc/apache2/ , дабы при случае вспомнить, то помимо php.ini есть еще php5.conf и он здесь. Вообще, возникают ассоциации ... apache2 Include conf.d/ с модулями php. Здесь теперь две папки с модулями (mods-available и mods-enabled) - раньше был один здоровенный конфиг, а теперь - модульные? Надо при случае проверить.

Apache LAMP, Linux Apache MySQL PHP
How To Install Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP (LAMP) stack on Debian
Установка LAMP на Debian
How to start apache2 in kali linux (localhost)

In [1]:

!service apache2 status

/bin/sh: 1: service: not found

In [ ]:

!su 

In [ ]:

root@kali:/var/www# service apache2 status
Apache2 is running (pid 8631).

In [ ]:

root@kali:/var/www# service --help
Usage: service < option > | --status-all | [ service_name [ command | --full-restart ] ]

Конфигурирование Apache2¶

Файл конфигурации Apache2: /etc/apache2/apache2.conf

Вы можете редактировать этот файл при необходимости, но для большинства простых приложений, это не требуется, поскольку большая часть настроек в настоящее время осуществляется при помощи conf.d.

В Kali вот так предустановлен apache2.conf , а вот доументацияApache на apache.org¶

In [ ]:

# %load /etc/apache2/apache2.conf
# This is the main Apache server configuration file.  It contains the
# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.
# See http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/ for detailed information about
# the directives and /usr/share/doc/apache2-common/README.Debian.gz about
# Debian specific hints.
#
#
# Summary of how the Apache 2 configuration works in Debian:
# The Apache 2 web server configuration in Debian is quite different to
# upstream's suggested way to configure the web server. This is because Debian's
# default Apache2 installation attempts to make adding and removing modules,
# virtual hosts, and extra configuration directives as flexible as possible, in
# order to make automating the changes and administering the server as easy as
# possible.

# It is split into several files forming the configuration hierarchy outlined
# below, all located in the /etc/apache2/ directory:
#
# /etc/apache2/
# |-- apache2.conf
# | `--  ports.conf
# |-- mods-enabled
# | |-- *.load
# | `-- *.conf
# |-- conf.d
# | `-- *
#  `-- sites-enabled
#   `-- *
#
#
# * apache2.conf is the main configuration file (this file). It puts the pieces
#   together by including all remaining configuration files when starting up the
#   web server.
#
#   In order to avoid conflicts with backup files, the Include directive is
#   adapted to ignore files that:
#   - do not begin with a letter or number
#   - contain a character that is neither letter nor number nor _-:.
#   - contain .dpkg
#
#   Yet we strongly suggest that all configuration files either end with a
#   .conf or .load suffix in the file name. The next Debian release will
#   ignore files not ending with .conf (or .load for mods-enabled).
#
# * ports.conf is always included from the main configuration file. It is
#   supposed to determine listening ports for incoming connections, and which
#   of these ports are used for name based virtual hosts.
#
# * Configuration files in the mods-enabled/ and sites-enabled/ directories
#   contain particular configuration snippets which manage modules or virtual
#   host configurations, respectively.
#
#   They are activated by symlinking available configuration files from their
#   respective *-available/ counterparts. These should be managed by using our
#   helpers a2enmod/a2dismod, a2ensite/a2dissite. See
#   their respective man pages for detailed information.
#
# * Configuration files in the conf.d directory are either provided by other
#   packages or may be added by the local administrator. Local additions
#   should start with local- or end with .local.conf to avoid name clashes. All
#   files in conf.d are considered (excluding the exceptions noted above) by
#   the Apache 2 web server.
#
# * The binary is called apache2. Due to the use of environment variables, in
#   the default configuration, apache2 needs to be started/stopped with
#   /etc/init.d/apache2 or apache2ctl. Calling /usr/bin/apache2 directly will not
#   work with the default configuration.


# Global configuration
#

#
# ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's
# configuration, error, and log files are kept.
#
# NOTE!  If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)
# mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation (available
# at <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mpm_common.html#lockfile>);
# you will save yourself a lot of trouble.
#
# Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.
#
#ServerRoot "/etc/apache2"

#
# The accept serialization lock file MUST BE STORED ON A LOCAL DISK.
#
LockFile ${APACHE_LOCK_DIR}/accept.lock

#
# PidFile: The file in which the server should record its process
# identification number when it starts.
# This needs to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars
#
PidFile ${APACHE_PID_FILE}

#
# Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.
#
Timeout 300

#
# KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than
# one request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.
#
KeepAlive On

#
# MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allow
# during a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount.
# We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance.
#
MaxKeepAliveRequests 100

#
# KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the
# same client on the same connection.
#
KeepAliveTimeout 5

##
## Server-Pool Size Regulation (MPM specific)
## 

# prefork MPM
# StartServers: number of server processes to start
# MinSpareServers: minimum number of server processes which are kept spare
# MaxSpareServers: maximum number of server processes which are kept spare
# MaxClients: maximum number of server processes allowed to start
# MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves
<IfModule mpm_prefork_module>
    StartServers          5
    MinSpareServers       5
    MaxSpareServers      10
    MaxClients          150
    MaxRequestsPerChild   0
</IfModule>

# worker MPM
# StartServers: initial number of server processes to start
# MinSpareThreads: minimum number of worker threads which are kept spare
# MaxSpareThreads: maximum number of worker threads which are kept spare
# ThreadLimit: ThreadsPerChild can be changed to this maximum value during a
#              graceful restart. ThreadLimit can only be changed by stopping
#              and starting Apache.
# ThreadsPerChild: constant number of worker threads in each server process
# MaxClients: maximum number of simultaneous client connections
# MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves
<IfModule mpm_worker_module>
    StartServers          2
    MinSpareThreads      25
    MaxSpareThreads      75 
    ThreadLimit          64
    ThreadsPerChild      25
    MaxClients          150
    MaxRequestsPerChild   0
</IfModule>

# event MPM
# StartServers: initial number of server processes to start
# MinSpareThreads: minimum number of worker threads which are kept spare
# MaxSpareThreads: maximum number of worker threads which are kept spare
# ThreadsPerChild: constant number of worker threads in each server process
# MaxClients: maximum number of simultaneous client connections
# MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves
<IfModule mpm_event_module>
    StartServers          2
    MinSpareThreads      25
    MaxSpareThreads      75 
    ThreadLimit          64
    ThreadsPerChild      25
    MaxClients          150
    MaxRequestsPerChild   0
</IfModule>

# These need to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars
User ${APACHE_RUN_USER}
Group ${APACHE_RUN_GROUP}

#
# AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directory
# for additional configuration directives.  See also the AllowOverride
# directive.
#

AccessFileName .htaccess

#
# The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being 
# viewed by Web clients. 
#
<Files ~ "^\.ht">
    Order allow,deny
    Deny from all
    Satisfy all
</Files>

#
# DefaultType is the default MIME type the server will use for a document
# if it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions.
# If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" is
# a good value.  If most of your content is binary, such as applications
# or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead to
# keep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they are
# text.
#
# It is also possible to omit any default MIME type and let the
# client's browser guess an appropriate action instead. Typically the
# browser will decide based on the file's extension then. In cases
# where no good assumption can be made, letting the default MIME type
# unset is suggested  instead of forcing the browser to accept
# incorrect  metadata.
#
DefaultType None


#
# HostnameLookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addresses
# e.g., www.apache.org (on) or 204.62.129.132 (off).
# The default is off because it'd be overall better for the net if people
# had to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it means that
# each client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup request to the
# nameserver.
#
HostnameLookups Off

# ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.
# If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost>
# container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be
# logged here.  If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost>
# container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.
#
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log

#
# LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log.
# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
# alert, emerg.
#
LogLevel warn

# Include module configuration:
Include mods-enabled/*.load
Include mods-enabled/*.conf

# Include list of ports to listen on and which to use for name based vhosts
Include ports.conf

#
# The following directives define some format nicknames for use with
# a CustomLog directive (see below).
# If you are behind a reverse proxy, you might want to change %h into %{X-Forwarded-For}i
#
LogFormat "%v:%p %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" vhost_combined
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O" common
LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer
LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent

# Include of directories ignores editors' and dpkg's backup files,
# see the comments above for details.

# Include generic snippets of statements
Include conf.d/

# Include the virtual host configurations:
Include sites-enabled/

In [3]:

!ls -R /etc/apache2/ 

/etc/apache2/:
apache2.conf  conf.d  envvars  magic  mods-available  mods-enabled  ports.conf sites-available  sites-enabled

/etc/apache2/conf.d:
charset  javascript-common.conf  localized-error-pages other-vhosts-access-log  security

/etc/apache2/mods-available:
actions.conf       authz_user.load  disk_cache.load    mime.load   reqtimeout.conf
actions.load       autoindex.conf  dump_io.load     mime_magic.conf  reqtimeout.load
alias.conf       autoindex.load  env.load     mime_magic.load  rewrite.load
alias.load       cache.load  expires.load     mod-dnssd.conf  setenvif.conf
asis.load       cern_meta.load  ext_filter.load    mod-dnssd.load  setenvif.load
auth_basic.load       cgid.conf   file_cache.load    negotiation.conf  speling.load
auth_digest.load      cgid.load   filter.load     negotiation.load  ssl.conf
authn_alias.load      cgi.load   headers.load     php5.conf   ssl.load
authn_anon.load       charset_lite.load  ident.load     php5.load   status.conf
authn_dbd.load       dav_fs.conf  imagemap.load     proxy_ajp.load  status.load
authn_dbm.load       dav_fs.load  include.load     proxy_balancer.conf  substitute.load
authn_default.load    dav.load   info.conf     proxy_balancer.load  suexec.load
authn_file.load       dav_lock.load  info.load     proxy.conf   unique_id.load
authnz_ldap.load      dbd.load   ldap.conf     proxy_connect.load  userdir.conf
authz_dbm.load       deflate.conf  ldap.load     proxy_ftp.conf  userdir.load
authz_default.load    deflate.load  log_forensic.load  proxy_ftp.load  usertrack.load
authz_groupfile.load  dir.conf   mem_cache.conf     proxy_http.load  vhost_alias.load
authz_host.load       dir.load   mem_cache.load     proxy.load
authz_owner.load      disk_cache.conf  mime.conf     proxy_scgi.load

/etc/apache2/mods-enabled:
alias.conf     authz_groupfile.load  cgi.load env.load   php5.conf    setenvif.load
alias.load     authz_host.load   deflate.conf mime.conf   php5.load    status.conf
auth_basic.load     authz_user.load   deflate.load mime.load   reqtimeout.conf  status.load
authn_file.load     autoindex.conf   dir.conf negotiation.conf  reqtimeout.load
authz_default.load  autoindex.load   dir.load negotiation.load  setenvif.conf

/etc/apache2/sites-available:
default  default-ssl

/etc/apache2/sites-enabled:
000-default

In [ ]:

# %load /etc/apache2/conf.d/javascript-common.conf
Alias /javascript /usr/share/javascript/

<Directory "/usr/share/javascript/">
 Options FollowSymLinks MultiViews
</Directory>

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